Marine hydroelectric, which harnesses the energy in waves and tides, may become a significant source of renewable energy in suitable areas, especially Northern California, Oregon, and Washington. This is an industry at the earliest stages of development, with many competing candidate technologies. One of the most prominent US demonstration projects was installed in early 2007 by Verdant Power. Five turbines mounted in the East River off Manhattan supplied energy directly to a grocery store and parking structure. The windmill-like turbines lasted just six months before strong currents ripped off their blades. There are also important concerns about impacts on fish and other wildlife, which may be caught in turbines or displaced by large-scale wave farms.
Galbraith, Kate, “Testing the Waters,” High Country News 39.15 (August 20, 2007): 8-9.
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